High input impedance trans-admittance mode biquad universal filter employing DVCCTAs and grounded passive elements

In this paper a new high input impedance trans-admittance-mode biquad filter has been proposed and investigated which has been designed using  two differential voltage current conveyor trans-conductance amplifiers (DVCCTAs) and all grounded passive elements in the form of two capacitors and three resistors only. The proposed TAM filter has the ability to realize all five standard filtering functions, simultaneously. Apart from these characteristics, the proposed filter also enjoys the desirable features such as low active and passive sensitivities, low power consumption, high impedance for both input voltage and output current signal and orthogonal electronic tunability of pole frequency and quality factor. The overall performance of the presented filter has been investigated using mathematical analysis, pre-layout and post-layout simulation results obtained by PSPICE in 0.18 µm CMOS process technology

Discrete interferences optimum beamformer in correlated signal and interfering noise

This paper introduces a significant special situation where the noise is a collection of D-plane interference signals and the correlated noise of D+1 is less than the number of array components. An optimal beamforming processor based on the minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) generates and combines appropriate statistics for the D+1 model. Instead of the original space of the N-dimensional problem, the interference signal subspace is reduced to D+1. Typical antenna arrays in many modern communication networks absorb waves generated from multiple point sources. An analytical formula was derived to improve the signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) obtained from the steering errors of the two beamformers. The proposed MVDR processor-based beamforming does not enforce general constraints. Therefore, it can also be used in systems where the steering vector is compromised by gain. Simulation results show that the output of the proposed beamformer based on the MVDR processor is usually close to the ideal state within a wide range of signal-to-noise ratio and signal-to-interference ratio. The MVDR processor-based beamformer has been experimentally evaluated. The proposed processor-based MVDR system significantly improves performance for large interference white noise ratio (INR) in the sidelobe region and provide an appropriate beam pattern

High input impedance <em>trans</em>-admittance mode biquad universal filter employing DVCCTAs and grounded passive elements

52-62In this paper a new high input impedance trans-admittance-mode biquad filter has been proposed and investigated which has been designed using  two differential voltage current conveyor trans-conductance amplifiers (DVCCTAs) and all grounded passive elements in the form of two capacitors and three resistors only. The proposed TAM filter has the ability to realize all five standard filtering functions, simultaneously. Apart from these characteristics, the proposed filter also enjoys the desirable features such as low active and passive sensitivities, low power consumption, high impedance for both input voltage and output current signal and orthogonal electronic tunability of pole frequency and quality factor. The overall performance of the presented filter has been investigated using mathematical analysis, pre-layout and post-layout simulation results obtained by PSPICE in 0.18 µm CMOS process technology